What is a JNK pathway?

What is a JNK pathway?

The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is one of the major signaling cassettes of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. It functions in the control of a number of cellular processes, including proliferation, embryonic development and apoptosis.

What does MEK gene do?

MEK is a key enzyme in the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signal transduction pathway and mediates cellular responses to different growth signals. This pathway is frequently deregulated in cancer, which makes these enzymes a candiate target for pharmacological antineoplastic treatment.

What does MEK stand for biology?

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (also known as MAP2K, MEK, MAPKK) is a kinase enzyme which phosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).

Is C-Jun the same as JNK?

c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), were originally identified as kinases that bind and phosphorylate c-Jun on Ser-63 and Ser-73 within its transcriptional activation domain.

Is JNK a kinase?

The JNK proteins belong to a class of proteins known as the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) family. They relay, amplify, and integrate signals from a diverse range of stimuli, both intra- and extracellular.

How is MEK activated?

MEK is a family of dual specific protein kinases which activate the extracellular signal-regulated kinases by phosphorylation of threonine and tyrosine residues. MEK itself is activated via serine phosphorylation by upstream activator kinases, including c-raf, mos and MEK kinase.

What genes does MAPK activate?

MAPK pathways activation is a mechanism for causing early-response gene expression by controlling the activities of several transcription factors. Activated MAPKs translocate to the nucleus, where they phosphorylate target transcription factors, including AP-1, NF-κB, and p53.

What is RAS and RAF?

The Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway is probably the best characterized signal transduction pathway in cell biology. The function of this pathway is to transduce signals from the extracellular milieu to the cell nucleus where specific genes are activated for cell growth, division and differentiation.

Is MEK a serine threonine kinase?

MEK inhibitors. MEK1 and MEK2 are closely related dual-specificity kinases, capable of phosphorylating both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues of their substrates ERK1 and ERK2. They are the only known catalytic substrates of Raf kinases.

What is the function of MEKK1 and MEKK2?

May be involved in the cold and salinity stress-mediated MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK1/MKK2 and MPK4/MPK6). Activates by phosphorylation the downstream MKK2, MKK4 and MKK5 in a calcium-dependent manner.

How does MEKK1 interact with WRKY53 transcription factor?

“Arabidopsis MEKK1 can take a short cut: it can directly interact with senescence-related WRKY53 transcription factor on the protein level and can bind to its promoter.” “Phosphorylation of Arabidopsis thaliana MEKK1 via Ca (2+) signaling as a part of the cold stress response.”

What is the MAP2K1 gene and how does it affect cancer?

Inhibitors of MEK genes have been shown to inhibit tumor growth in these cases. MAP2K1 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with MAP2K1 include Cardiofaciocutaneous Syndrome 3 and Melorheostosis, Isolated .

What is GeneCards?

GeneCards overcomes barriers of data format and heterogeneity, and uses standard nomenclature and approved gene symbols. It presents a rich subset of data for each gene, and provides deep links to the original sources for further scrutiny. GeneCards is widely used, and assists in the understanding of gene-related aspects of biology and medicine.