What is TCF Wnt pathway?
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T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factors are the major end point mediators of Wnt/Wingless signaling throughout metazoans. TCF/LEFs are multifunctional proteins that use their sequence-specific DNA-binding and context-dependent interactions to specify which genes will be regulated by Wnts.
What does the TCF4 gene do?
The TCF4 gene provides instructions for making a protein that attaches (binds) to specific regions of DNA and helps control the activity of many other genes. On the basis of this action, the TCF4 protein is known as a transcription factor. The TCF4 protein is part of a group of proteins known as E-proteins.
What is the role of Wnt signaling pathway?
Wnt signaling is an important pathway for immune cell maintenance and renewal. It regulates the progenitor cell homeostasis, thereby controlling hematopoiesis. Various Wnt ligands such as Wnt5a, Wnt10b, and Wnt16 have been reported in regulating hematopoiesis (73–75).
What is TCF beta catenin?
After translocation to the nucleus β-catenin binds to T-cell factors (Tcf) and recruits the chromatin-remodeling proteins p300 and Brg-1 to responsive promoters, thereby activating the transcription of specific target genes, including c-Myc, cyclin D1, matrilysin, gastrin, and ITF-2.
What are Wnt target genes?
We define “direct Wnt targets” as genes whose regulatory DNA can be physically associated with T-cell factors (TCFs) or other transcription factors (TFs) and whose expression is modulated by the recruitment of β-catenin to regulatory chromatin by these TFs.
What is the role of beta catenin?
Beta-catenin is the central component of the Wnt signaling pathway, with a key role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In the liver, β-catenin promotes hepatic regeneration. In humans, β-catenin is mutated in up to 44% of HCC.
What is TCF7L2?
Function. TCF7L2 is a transcription factor influencing the transcription of several genes thereby exerting a large variety of functions within the cell. It is a member of the TCF family that can form a bipartite transcription factor (β-catenin/TCF) alongside β-catenin.
Is Wnt a morphogen?
Members of the Wnt family of signalling molecules are generally considered to be classical morphogens.
What activates the Wnt pathway?
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is activated when a Wnt ligand binds to a seven-pass transmembrane Frizzled (Fz) receptor and its co-receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 6 (LRP6) or its close relative LRP5.
What is Wnt β-catenin signaling?
Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a highly conserved pathway through evolution, regulates key cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, migration, genetic stability, apoptosis, and stem cell renewal.
How do I activate Wnt signal?
To activate Wnt signaling, one can add Wnt protein, either in a purified form or as conditioned medium to cells. Cells producing active Wnt can be obtained from the ATCC (see also the reagents page). Active Wnt protein can be obtained from several companies.
Where does Wnt come from?
The term “Wnt” is derived from the terms wingless and int. The Int oncogenes, including Int1, were first identified in the mouse mammary tumor. In 1987, investigators sequenced wingless in Drosophila and found it was the homolog of int-1. Thus, the int/Wingless family became the Wnt family and int1 became Wnt1.
What is the role of beta-catenin in Wnt signaling and cadherin-mediated adhesion?
Wnt signaling and cadherin-mediated adhesion have been implicated in both processes; clarifying their role will depend on linking them to rearrangements of cellular structure and behavior. beta-Catenin is an essential molecule both in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and in canonical Wnt signaling.
How do Wnt/beta-catenin target genes induce epithelial mesenchymal transition?
Other Wnt/beta-catenin target genes encode metalloproteases or the cell adhesion molecule L1, which favor the degradation of E-cadherin. These factors provide a mechanism whereby cadherin loss and increased Wnt signaling induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in both carcinomas and development.
Does aberrant expression of af1q activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling?
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that aberrant expression of AF1q may activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and result in podocyte injury. Keywords: Adriamycin (ADR); Chronic kidney diseases (CKD); Podocytes injury; The ALL1-fused from the chromosome 1q (AF1q); Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
What is E-cadherin down-regulation and why does it matter?
Down-regulation of E-cadherin marks the initiation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a process exploited by invasive cancer cells.