What is mouse backcrossing?
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Mouse Genomics Backcrossing is a two-generation breeding protocol that starts by generating hybrid F1 mice between two inbred strains (preferably distantly related), one of them carrying the mutation of interest. Then, F1 mice are mated with a member of one of the parental inbred strains to generate N2 mice.
What is backcrossing in plant breeding?
Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, to achieve offspring with a genetic identity closer to that of the parent. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding, and production of gene knockout organisms.
Why do you backcross mice?
The way to mitigate the impact of genetic drift on mutant and transgenic mouse strains is to refresh the genetic background of your strains every 5-10 generations by backcrossing to the inbred control strain.
Can backcross breeding be used in crops?
The backcross method is also being used for producing disease-resistant inbred lines to be used as parents in hybrid breeding programs for various crops. Marker-assisted selection is beginning to be used in breeding programs.
Why is backcross genetic?
backcross, the mating of a hybrid organism (offspring of genetically unlike parents) with one of its parents or with an organism genetically similar to the parent. The backcross is useful in genetics studies for isolating (separating out) certain characteristics in a related group of animals or plants.
What is backcrossing discuss the importance in crop improvement?
Backcross and introgression are useful for genetic improvement in breeding programmes. Backcrossing is also useful to dissect the genetic architecture of quantitative traits because it isolates a gene, or chromosomal region, in a different genetic background (the genetic background of the recurrent parent).
What is a transgenic mouse line?
Transgenic mice are mouse models that have had their genomes altered for the purpose of studying gene functions. At Charles River, we help hundreds of global customers by delivering study-ready, transgenic mice to meet their research needs.
How many times should I backcross mice?
If your colony has only been inbred 5 generations since the strain was originally obtained/created, two backcrosses should be sufficient (and you can skip step #5), but if your colony is at 10 or more inbreeding generations, then three backcrosses is the best approach.
Under what situations backcross breeding methods are used?
Backcross – Pedigree Method This approach is useful when one of the parents is superior to the other in several characteristics but the non recurrent parent is not desirable agronomically. The superior parent is used as the recurrent parent.
How do I refresh mutant and transgenic mouse strains?
Below are detailed steps for refreshing mutant and transgenic mouse strains. Let’s use C57BL/6J as our example, but you can substitute in any appropriate inbred strain. Cross females from your mutant or transgenic strain to C57BL/6J males. The male progeny from that cross will have a “refreshed” Y chromosome (for lack of a better term).
What is backcrossing in mouse breeding?
Backcrossing is a two-generation breeding protocol that starts by generating hybrid F1 mice between two inbred strains (preferably distantly related), one of them carrying the mutation of interest. Then, F1 mice are mated with a member of one of the parental inbred strains to generate N2 mice.
Why is it important to refresh the genetic background of mice?
By regularly refreshing the genetic background of your strains, you will keep them as genetically similar to your control strain as possible, thereby ensuring the reproducibility and validity of your studies. Genetic drift is inexorable and will impact the phenotype of every live mouse colony if not properly maintained.
How does genetic drift affect small colonies of mice?
Smaller colonies of mice, like a small research colony, will be more affected by genetic drift than large colonies. There are many, many examples of how genetic changes can lead to phenotypic changes for mutant and transgenic mouse models.