What is the clotting cascade?
Table of Contents
The coagulation cascade refers to the series of steps that occur during the formation of a blood clot after injury by activating a cascade of proteins called clotting factors. There are three pathways: intrinsic, extrinsic, and common.
What are the steps of the clotting cascade?
1) Constriction of the blood vessel. 2) Formation of a temporary “platelet plug.” 3) Activation of the coagulation cascade. 4) Formation of “fibrin plug” or the final clot.
How many factors are in the clotting cascade?
Deficiencies or abnormalities in any one factor can slow the overall process, increasing the risk of hemorrhage. The coagulation factors are numbered in the order of their discovery. There are 13 numerals but only 12 factors. Factor VI was subsequently found to be part of another factor.
What factor initiates the intrinsic clotting cascade?
The intrinsic pathway is initiated by the activation of factor XII by certain negatively charged surfaces, including glass. High-molecular-weight kininogen and prekallikrein are two proteins that facilitate this activation.
What factors are in the common pathway?
The common pathway consists of factors I, II, V, VIII, X. The factors circulate through the bloodstream as zymogens and are activated into serine proteases. These serine proteases act as a catalyst to cleave the next zymogen into more serine proteases and ultimately activate fibrinogen.
What causes high clotting factor?
Smoking, overweight and obesity, pregnancy, use of birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy, cancer, prolonged bed rest, or car or plane trips are a few examples. The genetic, or inherited, source of excessive blood clotting is less common and is usually due to genetic defects.
How does the clotting cascade work?
– formation of thromboplastin (prothrombin activator) – prothrombin and thrombin are produced and calcium is released. – thrombin produces fibrinogen and fibrin and more calcium is released. fibrinogen= insoluble. fibrin= soluble. – fibrin helps form blood clot (clot retraction)
What are the 13 factors responsible for blood clotting?
Factor I – fibrinogen.
What is the intrinsic of the clotting cascade?
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways are two processes of blood coagulation.
What are the 13 blood coagulation factors?
The following are coagulation factors and their common names: Factor I – fibrinogen. Factor II – prothrombin. Factor V – labile factor or proaccelerin. Factor VI – unassigned. Factor VII – stable factor or proconvertin. How many types of clotting factors are there?