What is the role of H2A Z?
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The histone variant H2A. Z is involved in several processes such as transcriptional control, DNA repair, regulation of centromeric heterochromatin and, not surprisingly, is implicated in diseases such as cancer.
Where might you find the histone variant H2A Z?
Z in yeast is almost exclusively incorporated into the +1 nucleosome in the direction of transcription. Nucleic Acids Res.
Where is H2A Z found?
Those “Z loci” are predominantly found within specific nucleosomes in the promoter of inactive genes all across the genome. Furthermore, we have shown that H2A. Z can regulate nucleosome positioning at the GAL1 promoter. Within HZAD domains, the regions where H2A.
What are the relevant processes nucleosomes are involved in?
Nucleosome positioning and modifications influence all DNA processes including replication, transcription, repair and recombination.
What is histone structure?
Histone Protein Structure. Histones are the major structural proteins of chromosomes. The DNA molecule is wrapped twice around a Histone Octamer to make a Nucleosome. Six Nucleosomes are assembled into a Solenoid in association with H1 histones.
Is histone H2AX phosphorylation a marker for DNA damage?
Histone H2AX phosphorylation: a marker for DNA damage Methods Mol Biol. 2012;920:613-26.doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-998-3_40. Authors
Does H2A Z occupancy affect DNA methylation?
This anti-correlation between H2A.Z occupancy and DNA methylation is recapitulated in other organisms [ 88, 185, 186, 187, 188] and involves acetylation of H2A.Z [ 60 ], which is known to be the predominant mechanism in gene activation.
Is ERα binding to genomic sites associated with H2A or Z?
Genome-wide studies observed a stronger binding of ERα to its genomic sites associated with H2A.Z compared to those sites depleted of H2A.Z [ 87 ].
What is the γ-H2AX assay?
The γ-H2AX assay has been used to screen the wide variety of possible TFO modifications and proved to be useful for evaluation of cellular DNA accessibility of 125I-labeled DNA targeting agents [93; 94].