What is the initial phase in a gas condensate reservoir?
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In this figure, the reservoir is initially a single-phase gas, but as we deplete the pressure due to gas production the pressure-temperature path of the system enters the two-phase region of the phase envelope and liquid hydrocarbons condense from the gas in the reservoir (thus the name gas condensate reservoir.)
What is gas condensate system?
Gas condensate is a hydrocarbon liquid stream separated from natural gas and consists of higher-molecular-weight hydrocarbons that exist in the reservoir as constituents of natural gas but which are recovered as liquids in separators, field facilities, or gas-processing plants.
Is condensate liquid or gas?
Condensates are the liquid form of these hydrocarbons that take their name from the process of removing them from the gas stream by processing with specific temperature and pressure.
What is condensate to gas ratio?
Condensate to Gas Ratio (CGR) is a measure of liquid content of a naturally occurring hydrocarbon mixture that is classified as gas condensate at reservoir conditions. It is also one of the most important parameters that impacts the economics of gas projects.
How gas condensate is formed?
Condensate is mainly composed of propane, butane, pentane and heavier hydrocarbon fractions. The condensate is not only generated into the reservoir, it is also formed when liquid drops out, or condenses, from a gas stream in pipelines or surface facilities.
Why is termed retrograde?
The term retrograde comes from the Latin word retrogradus, which literally means “backward step.” As the name suggests, retrograde is when a planet appears to go backward in its orbit, as viewed from Earth.
What is the main component of the condensate?
Typically, condensates are composed mainly of alkanes (saturated hydrocarbons, such as butane, pentane and hexane) and are low in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) which are typically found in crude oils. Condensates have a very low solubility in water and are highly volatile.
What is the difference between gas and condensate?
A typical ‘natural gas liquids’ breakdown would be about 83% gaseous liquids, and 17% natural gasoline (it varies, and can be as much as 22%). Condensate refers to a specific portion of the ‘Natural Gas Liquids’. It is more usually referred to as ‘lease condensate’.
How do you calculate condensate yield?
Condensate yield, however, is defined as the volume of condensate produced in the stock-tank divided by the volume of well stream production (Tarek, 2016). Again, both volumes are measured at standard conditions.
What is the API gravity of condensate?
50 degrees to 120 degrees
The API gravity of condensate is typically 50 degrees to 120 degrees. Generic phase diagram of matter. Liquid phase occurring in gas condensate reservoirs when the pressure is below the dewpoint pressure.
What are the components of condensate?
What does the nitrogen phase diagram show?
The nitrogen phase diagram shows the phase behavior with changes in temperature and pressure. The curve between the critical point and the triple point shows the nitrogen boiling point with changes in pressure. It also shows the saturation pressure with changes in temperature.
What is a single phase gas condensate reservoir?
Gas condensate reservoirs are gas systems that reside in reservoirs with the original temperatures lying between the critical temperature, T C, and the cricondentherm (T max in Figure 2.11). If the original reservoir pressure is greater than the dew-point pressure, then a single-phase gas system will occur in the reservoir as in Figure 2.15.
What happens in a gas condensate system?
This is essentially what is occurring in the reservoir of a gas condensate system but under isothermal conditions. As we pass through the dew point pressure, the heaviest hydrocarbon components in the system begin to drop out and form a second, liquid hydrocarbon phase in the two-phase region of the phase envelope inside the reservoir.
What happens to nitrogen at low temperature and pressure?
However, at low temperature and/or high pressures the gas becomes a liquid or a solid. The nitrogen phase diagram shows the phase behavior with changes in temperature and pressure. The curve between the critical point and the triple point shows the nitrogen boiling point with changes in pressure.