What did Grutter v Bollinger do?

What did Grutter v Bollinger do?

Bollinger, a case decided by the United States Supreme Court on June 23, 2003, upheld the affirmative action admissions policy of the University of Michigan Law School. The decision permitted the use of racial preference in student admissions to promote student diversity.

What part of the Constitution does grutter say was violated?

the Fourteenth Amendment
Grutter alleged that the school made race a “predominate” factor in admissions decisions and that the school intentionally discriminated against whites, and that this violated the Fourteenth Amendment, which forbids states from denying “to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law.” In its …

Who was Barbara Grutter and what did she attempt to do in 1996?

Petitioner Barbara Grutter is a white Michigan resident who applied to the Law School in 1996 with a 3.8 grade point average and 161 LSAT score. The Law School initially placed petitioner on a waiting list, but subsequently rejected her application.

What happened with the Gratz and Grutter cases?

The Court struck down the undergraduate system in Gratz but upheld the Law School admissions system at issue in Grutter. It decided that a school may take race into account to achieve educational benefits of diversity, but it may not use race in a mechanical fashion solely to achieve a racial balance for its own sake.

What states don’t have affirmative?

Nine states in the United States have banned race-based affirmative action: California (1996), Washington (1998), Florida (1999), Michigan (2006), Nebraska (2008), Arizona (2010), New Hampshire (2012), Oklahoma (2012), and Idaho (2020).

What did Prop 209 do?

Proposition 209 (also known as the California Civil Rights Initiative or CCRI) is a California ballot proposition which, upon approval in November 1996, amended the state constitution to prohibit state governmental institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment.

Why did the Supreme Court decide the Grutter v Grutter case?

Grutter, a white Michigan resident, then sued the Law School. Grutter claimed that the Law School’s use of affirmative action in its admissions policy violated her Equal Protection rights under the Fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court, in a 5-4 decision, held that the Law School’s affirmative action policy was constitutional.

Where can I find the text of Grutter v Bollinger?

Text of Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306 (2003) is available from: Cornell Findlaw Justia Library of Congress Text of Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 244 (2003) is available from: Cornell Findlaw Justia Library of Congress

Why did Barbara Grutter sue the University of Michigan Law School?

The University of Michigan Law School denied Barbara Grutter’s application to the School. Grutter, a white Michigan resident, then sued the Law School. Grutter claimed that the Law School’s use of affirmative action in its admissions policy violated her Equal Protection rights under the Fourteenth Amendment.

Who was the swing vote in Grutter v Gratz?

In both Grutter and Gratz, O’Connor was the swing vote. Chief Justice Rehnquist, joined by Justice Scalia, Justice Kennedy, and Justice Thomas, argued the Law School’s admissions policy was an attempt to achieve an unconstitutional type of racial balancing.