How is algae used in bioremediation?
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Bioremediation by algae is highly preferred as biomass generated is used in biogas and biofuel production. Algae fix carbon dioxide (CO2) and release oxygen (O2) by photosynthesis and increase BOD (biological oxygen demand) in contaminated water.
How is heavy metals removed from wastewater?
The conventional processes for removing heavy metals from wastewater include many processes such as chemical precipitation, flotation, adsorption, ion exchange, and electrochemical deposition. Chemical precipitation is the most widely used for heavy metal removal from inorganic effluent.
What is the role of microorganisms in bioremediation?
Currently, microbes are used to clean up pollution treatment in processes known as ‘bioremediation’. Bioremediation uses micro-organisms to reduce pollution through the biological degradation of pollutants into non-toxic substances.
How do you remove heavy metals from water naturally?
For the removal of heavy metals from water sources, natural materials, such as spent-coffee-grains or orange/banana/chestnut peels, appear to offer a potential cheap alternative to more sophisticated and costly technologies currently in use.
What microorganisms are used in bioremediation?
Bacteria, archaea and fungi are typical prime bioremediators [2]. The application of bioremediation as a biotechnological process involving microorganisms for solving and removing dangers of many pollutants through biodegradation from the environment.
Can algae be used for heavy metal bioremediation?
Potential use of algae for heavy metal bioremediation, a critical review. Algae have several industrial applications that can lower the cost of biofuel co-production. Among these co-production applications, environmental and wastewater bioremediation are increasingly important.
What heavy metals do microalgae eat?
Mechanisms of heavy metal removal by microalgae Microalgae consume heavy metals such as boron (B), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) as trace elements for enzymatic process and cell metabolism, though other heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cr, Pb and Hg are toxic to microalgae.
Can algae reduce the cost of biofuel co-production?
Potential use of algae for heavy metal bioremediation, a critical review Algae have several industrial applications that can lower the cost of biofuel co-production. Among these co-production applications, environmental and wastewater bioremediation are increasingly important.
Can algal biosorption neutralize the toxic effects of heavy metal ions?
We review the potential for algal biosorption and/or neutralization of the toxic effects of heavy metal ions, primarily focusing on their cellular structure, pretreatment, modification, as well as potential application of genetic engineering in biosorption performance.