What are physical solvents?
Table of Contents
Physical solvent systems are similar to chemical solvent systems but are based on the gas solubility within a solvent instead of a chemical reaction. Acid gas solubility depends on acid gas partial pressure and system temperature.
What is sulfolane used for?
Uses. Sulfolane is widely used as an industrial solvent, especially in the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon mixtures and to purify natural gas.
Why do we use rectisol process?
Rectisol is used most often to treat synthesis gas (primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide) produced by gasification of coal or heavy hydrocarbons, as the methanol solvent is well able to remove trace contaminants such as ammonia, mercury, and hydrogen cyanide usually found in these gases.
Which physical solvent is best for acid gas removal?
Physical solvents such as n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (Purisol), dimethyl ether of polyethylene glycol (Selexol), propylene carbonate (Fluor) and methanol (Rectisol) are emerging as popular solvents for acid gas treatment (Burr and Lyddon 1998) as indicated in Appendix C, Table C-10.
What is Purisol process?
Process description. Purisol process uses N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent. This process is particularly adapted for syngas purification at high pressure and high content of CO2 for turbines of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) due to its high selectivity with respect to H2S.
How is sulfolane made?
Sulfolane is an organosulfur compound, containing a sulfonyl group with a sulfur atom double-bonded to two oxygen atoms. The structure is shown in Figure 1. It is synthesized by hydrogenating sulfolene, the product of a reaction between butadiene and sulfur dioxide.
Is sulfolane flammable?
OSHA Classification (29 CFR 1910.1200): Not classified by OSHA as flammable or combustible.
What is Selexol process?
The Selexol process uses Selexol solvent, a physical solvent made of dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol (DEPG),13 to selectively remove H2S/COS plus remove CO2 in bulk from gas streams. This process can also be used to remove and control mercaptan sulfur.
What is Selexol made of?
Selexol solvent is a mixture of dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycols, nontoxic, with a high boiling point, and is an excellent solvent for acid gases.
What are the solvents in sulfinol process?
The sulfinol process uses a mixture of solvents allowing it to behave as both a chemical and physical solvent process. The solvent is composed of sulfolane, diisopropanolamine (DIPA), and water. The sulfolane acts as the physical solvent, while DIPA acts as the chemical solvent.
What is sulfinol used for?
Sulfinol is an integrated, dual approach to acid gas removal and trace sulphur and mercaptans scrubbing. Sulfinol hybrid solvents enable simple all-in-one sour gas treatment, reducing equipment count and solvent rates significantly.
What is the difference between sulfinol-m and sulfinol-D?
Sulfinol has a good affinity for most of the acid gases and has the ability to release these gases in the regenerator upon pressure reduction and heat application. When operating under suitable conditions, it is capable of removing twice as much acid gas as a 20% MEA solution. The Sulfinol-D process uses DIPA, while Sulfinol-M uses MDEA.
Is sulfolane a good solvent for chemical reactions?
Sulfolane has been found to be an excellent solvent for reactions, particularly those in which anhydrous and polar solvents are required. Some of the advantages of this solvent are the high absorption capacity of Sulfolane than other physical solvents, low vapor pressure, and lack of its vapor enthalpy.